How is a car suspension arranged

The chassis of the car includessuspension. Its main function is to create an elastic connection between the body and the wheels. This is ensured by the system's perception of operating forces and damping of oscillations.

Device and equipment

Features of the structure of the car suspension may differ, depending on the type of device. But any option has similar details. Elements for elasticity, damping, stabilization of lateral stability, pressure distribution are the same for all types of systems.

The components responsible for elasticity act as a buffer between the car and the uneven road surface. They are the first to perceive the features of the track and provide smoothing, transferring minimal vibrations to the body. If you have a vehicle, it is important to understand what and how the car's suspension is arranged.

1. Springsof constant and variable stiffness, working in compression. Installing the bumper in the spring helps to smooth out the vibration. The need for a bumper arises in a state of full compression.
2. Springsrepresent a set of metal sheets of different lengths, which have special flexibility. They are pulled by a ladder.
3. Torsions have the form of a pipe in which the rods are placed. They are in a twisted state. When untwisting torsions, the resulting force is used to ensure elasticity.
4. Hydropneumatic or pneumatic component in the form of a balloon. Due to the operation of the engine, pressure is created in it.

Parts that attach the suspension to the body are used to distribute the steering forces. They transfer pressure to the wheels and contribute to their correct location in relation to the car. These elements are double levers of transverse, longitudinal installation.

To counteract the oscillations, is usedshock absorber. It smoothes the vibration. The device looks like a metal pipe with fasteners. The damping link uses the principles of hydraulic resistance.Shock absorbers are:

• pneumatic;
• gas oil;
• oily

There are models that allow you to adjust the stiffness. The elements of lateral stability stabilization have the form of a rod connecting the levers of opposite wheels. Thanks to the system, the lateral load is evenly distributed during turns, and body rolls are reduced.

To attach components to the body and wheel supports, special bolts are used,silent blocks, ball bearings.

Kinds

The design of the system provides for two execution options.

1. Dependent
2. Independent.

With dependent modification, the opposite wheels of the same axle are rigidly connected. When one wheel moves in the transverse plane, the other makes a similar movement.

The independent design has a more complex configuration. Wheels located on one axle carry out autonomous movement. Thanks to this, the smoothness of the ride is significantly improved. With an independent version, there can be many types of execution: torsion spring, the presence of semi-axes that swing, oblique levers, longitudinal, transverse levers. The autonomous system can be torsion-lever, MacPherson type, pneumatic, hydropneumatic, adapted.

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